Workshop — University of Geneva & University of Neuchâtel

The Age of the Bookworm
Can Large Language Models Represent the World?

A two-day interdisciplinary workshop at the intersection of philosophy, linguistics, and artificial intelligence

11–12 November 2026 In Geneva Open to the Geneva and Neuchâtel communities

Illustration via Pixabay

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Stochastic Parrots or World-Modellers?

What does it mean for a system trained exclusively on text to genuinely represent and understand the world?

Since the public release of ChatGPT in late 2022, large language models (LLMs) have become a fixture of academic and public life. Yet how these systems operate, and what they are fundamentally capable of, remains poorly understood by many of its users. While many are aware that such systems are trained to predict the most likely next word (or rather token) given a context, far fewer have reflected on capacities emerging from this simple training objective, and the further implications of fine-tuning via reinforcement learning through human feedback and verifiable rewards.

An interesting starting point for the debate is a thought experiment proposed by Bender and Koller (2020) involving an infinitely smart octopus intercepting underwater telegraphic communications between two islanders. Can the octopus genuinely output meaningful text about the land-world after eavesdropping on vast amounts of the islanders’ communication about what happens there, without ever engaging with that world directly? This analogy is meant to raise the following sharper question: can an LLM’s internal states and outputs be about extra-linguistic reality, independently of the meaning human interpreters project onto them?

This workshop gathers philosophers and AI researchers to address this question and other related issues.

Participants

Invited Speaker

Emily E. Sullivan

Senior Lecturer in Philosophy of Science & AI — University of Edinburgh

Philosophy of science & AI · Explanation and understanding · Epistemology of technology

eesullivan.com →

Invited Speaker

Matthieu Queloz

Privatdozent — University of Bern

Epistemology · Philosophy of mind & language · Artificial cognition

matthieuqueloz.com →

Invited Speaker

Reto Gubelmann

DSI Postdoctoral Researcher — University of Zurich (Digital Society Initiative)

Philosophy & NLP · Argumentation & logical inference · LLMs

Profile →

Invited Speaker

Susana Carvalho dos Reis

Philosophy of AI · Representation & understanding

Invited Speaker

Pierre Beckmann

PhD Student — Neuro-Symbolic AI Group, Idiap & EPFL, Lausanne

Philosophy of AI · Neuro-symbolic AI

bepierre.github.io →

Invited Speaker

Iwan Williams

Philosophy of AI · Language models & representation

Invited Speaker

Cameron Yetman

Philosophy of AI · Language models & cognition

Invited Speaker

Caroline Bryant

AI · Philosophy of AI

Invited Speaker

Eliot du Sordet

PhD Student in Philosophy — University of Neuchâtel

Philosophy of AI

Preliminary Schedule

11–12 November 2026. This is a joint Geneva and Neuchâtel event, held in the Chico Mendes room at the Maison Internationale des Associations in Geneva.

Wednesday, 11 November

09:30 – 10:30
Talk
Eliot du Sordet
10:30 – 11:30
Talk
Pierre Beckmann
11:30 – 13:00
Lunch
13:00 – 14:00
Talk
Susana Carvalho dos Reis
14:00 – 15:00
Talk
Iwan Williams
15:00 – 16:00
Talk
Emily E. Sullivan
16:00 – 16:30
Unconference time
16:30 – 17:00
Discussion

Thursday, 12 November

09:30 – 10:30
Talk
Matthieu Queloz
10:30 – 11:30
Talk
Reto Gubelmann
11:30 – 12:30
Talk
Cameron Yetman
12:30 – 14:00
Lunch
14:00 – 15:00
Talk
Caroline Bryant
15:00 – 16:00
Roundtable

Talks are scheduled for 45+15 minutes.

Attending the Workshop

Venue

Chico Mendes room
Maison Internationale des Associations (MIA)
Rue des Savoises 15, 1205 Geneva

Date

11–12 November 2026
Wednesday 09:30–17:00
Thursday 09:30–16:00

Registration

30 slots available
Online registration, first-come first-served. Primarily for the Geneva and Neuchâtel communities in philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. Students warmly welcome.

Programme

Talks and discussion
The two-day workshop combines speaker sessions, shared discussion, and unconference time.

How to get there

  • From Geneva Cornavin train station: take tram 15 or 17 to Cirque, then walk about 5 minutes to Rue des Savoises 15.
  • From Geneva Airport: take the train to Geneva Cornavin, then tram 15 or 17 to Cirque. The airport-to-Cornavin train takes about 7 minutes.
  • Nearby stops: Cirque is served by tram 15, tram 17, bus 1, bus 2, and bus 19; Place de Neuve is also within walking distance.
  • Open the venue in OpenStreetMap →

Organizers & Funding

Eliot du Sordet

PhD Student in Theoretical Philosophy, University of Neuchâtel.
Co-organizer and speaker.
eliot.cellard@unine.ch

Niels Linnemann

Philosopher of Science, Department of Philosophy, University of Geneva.
Co-organizer.
niels.linnemann@unige.ch


Supported by

This Geneva and Neuchâtel workshop is generously sponsored by: